With an assumed pre existing u value of 2 23w m the best options are as follows.
Insulating old roofs.
If you do have existing roof insulation the first thing to do is to check the depth.
The other option is loose fill or blown insulation.
If there is only 25mm of insulating material then this is likely to date back to the 1970s as this type of.
Permeable insulation works well with old buildings that breathe.
Caulk window trim and use weatherstripping to reduce air leaks.
If you want to avoid internal changes you can do so by insulating externally.
Replace old windows with energy efficient units.
Alternative options for insulating old roofs one modern option for existing buildings is sprayed foam.
They are often advertised as a diy option but those who have done it suggest that it requires skill and experience to do well.
Insulation board should be added between the old and new roof systems to ensure proper insulation and to reflect heat from the outside.
Install siding over the insulation.
Equally the reverse is true.
Plasterboard 50mm pur insulation in 50mm timber stud with 50mm vented cavity to the existing wall.
There is a good deal of controversy around these systems.
Apply a house wrap vapor barrier to exterior walls.
Suitable insulation includes natural fibre based products made of sheep s wool or hemp as well as mineral wools.
Available in both foam and rigid form choose the board type.